Is it cheaper to form an LLC in Delaware or Massachusetts?

Delaware is cheaper at formation ($110) than Massachusetts ($500). Ongoing costs are also different: $400 vs $600 per year. Total over three years: $1,310 vs $2,300.

Can I form an LLC in Delaware if I live in Massachusetts?

Yes, but your Massachusetts business will almost certainly need to register as a foreign LLC in Massachusetts too, which means paying Massachusetts's foreign registration fee and any ongoing Massachusetts obligations on top of the Delaware ones. The "form elsewhere to save" math usually doesn't work for operating businesses; it only works when you have no physical operations tied to any specific state.

How long does it take to form an LLC in Delaware vs Massachusetts?

Delaware online: 10 business days; Massachusetts online: 2 business days. Delaware offers paid expedite from $100. Massachusetts offers paid expedite from $20.

Which state has lower taxes for an LLC, Delaware or Massachusetts?

Delaware: state income tax applies to member-level pass-through income, plus a $300 minimum entity-level tax. Massachusetts: state income tax applies to member-level pass-through income, no entity-level franchise or LLC tax.

Do both states require a registered agent?

Yes. Every US state (and DC) requires every LLC to maintain a registered agent with a physical street address in the state. Delaware and Massachusetts both have this requirement. You can serve as your own agent if you live in the state; most out-of-state filers use a commercial agent for $50 to $125 per year.

Which state should I pick if I run an online business from home?

Form in the state you actually live in. Your home state's Department of Revenue treats your residence as nexus regardless of where the LLC is filed, which means you owe state income tax there anyway. Forming in Delaware or Massachusetts to escape your home state's tax doesn't work; it adds paperwork. The non-resident filings make sense when you genuinely operate nowhere in particular: international founders, purely passive holding entities, or real-estate LLCs owning property in other states.

Delaware vs Massachusetts LLC comparison

Delaware charges $110 to form an LLC; Massachusetts charges $500. Day-one sticker price is only part of the story, since most of the real cost comes from the annual obligations that stack up each year you keep the LLC open.

Over a rolling three-year window, Delaware runs about $990 less in total state fees than Massachusetts. Whether that gap matters depends on whether you actually operate in one of these states or are weighing a non-resident filing.

Delaware imposes an entity-level annual tax on every LLC ($300 minimum). Massachusetts does not. For pass-through LLCs that would otherwise owe nothing at the state level, that minimum is the deciding line.

On speed, Massachusetts typically clears standard online filings faster than Delaware. Both states offer expedited tiers at an additional cost for filers on tight timelines.

For most small operators the choice is not really between these two states at all. It is between forming where the business actually operates and trying to route through a non-resident filing. The data below shows what each option actually costs.

Formation filing fee

Delaware $110

Massachusetts $500

Delaware saves $390

Year 1 total estimate

Delaware $510

Massachusetts $1,100

Delaware saves $590

Ongoing per year

Delaware $400

Massachusetts $600

Delaware saves $200

3-year total

Delaware $1,310

Massachusetts $2,300

Delaware saves $990

Key differences at a glance

Delaware costs $390 less to form ($110 vs $500).
Delaware is $200 per year cheaper to maintain ($400 vs $600).
Delaware imposes an entity-level franchise or LLC tax that applies to pass-through LLCs. Massachusetts does not.
Delaware has no annual report filing at all. Massachusetts requires an annual (or biennial) report every reporting period.

Where each state fits

For most filers, forming in the state you actually operate from is the right call. The side-by-side below shows where the two states meaningfully diverge.

What each state offers that the other does not

Only Delaware

No state sales tax
No annual report

Only Massachusetts

No entity-level franchise or LLC tax

Both states

Online filing
Paid expedited tier
No publication requirement
Operating agreement not statutorily required

Three-year cost, side by side

Rough estimate of the state-facing cost to form and keep an LLC through three years. Both totals include a $100 per year registered-agent estimate.

Delaware Massachusetts

Year 1

$510

$1,100

Year 2

$910

$1,700

Year 3

$1,310

$2,300

Running total includes the one-time filing fee and annual ongoing costs (report fee or franchise tax plus a $100/year registered agent estimate).

What it costs under your specific situation

The table below runs the same LLC through four common scenarios. "Non-resident" rows assume a typical home-state foreign LLC registration adds about $200 per year of stacked cost; the real number depends on which state you live in and ranges from $50 to over $800 depending on jurisdiction.

Scenario	Year 1	Each year after	3-year total
You live in Delaware, business operates there No foreign LLC registration needed. You pay Delaware fees only.	$510	$400	$1,310
You live in Massachusetts, business operates there No foreign LLC registration needed. You pay Massachusetts fees only.	$1,100	$600	$2,300
Non-resident forming in Delaware with operations elsewhere You pay Delaware's fees plus a typical home-state foreign LLC registration of about $200 per year.	$710	$600	$1,910
Non-resident forming in Massachusetts with operations elsewhere You pay Massachusetts's fees plus a typical home-state foreign LLC registration of about $200 per year.	$1,300	$800	$2,900

Delaware vs Massachusetts: full comparison

Dimension	Delaware	Massachusetts
Online filing Can you file the formation document online?	Yes	Yes
Online approval time Standard, non-expedited	10 business days	2 business days
Expedited option Paid fast-track filing	$100	$20
Annual report Required in addition to tax	None	Required, $500
State-imposed annual tax Franchise, privilege, or LLC tax minimum	$300 minimum	None
State income tax On pass-through LLC income at member level	Yes	Yes
Publication requirement Newspaper publication after formation	No	No
Operating agreement Required by state statute	Recommended, not required	Recommended, not required
Foreign LLC fee Cost to register as a foreign LLC in this state	$200	$500
State sales tax General statewide rate	None	6.3%

Taxes in Delaware and Massachusetts

How each state handles entity-level tax on LLCs. Pass-through classification means member-level income tax also applies at each member's residence state.

Delaware tax

$300 minimum annual tax (flat basis). State income tax applies to member-level pass-through income. Corporate rate 8.7%.

Massachusetts tax

No entity-level franchise tax on LLCs. State income tax applies to member-level pass-through income. Corporate rate 8.0%.

Ongoing compliance

The recurring filings each state requires after formation.

Delaware

Annual $300 tax, due 06/01. No separate annual report. Registered agent required in Delaware.

Massachusetts

Annual report $500, due on your anniversary month. Registered agent required in Massachusetts.

Formation process, side by side

What actually happens from the moment you start filing to the moment you're in good standing. Use this as a checklist.

Delaware

Check business-name availability on the Delaware entity search.
Appoint a registered agent with a physical Delaware street address.
File Certificate of Formation of Limited Liability Company for $110.
Wait for approval. Online typically 10 business days. Paid expedite from $100.
Adopt an operating agreement (recommended, not required by Delaware statute).
Apply for a federal EIN (free from the IRS).
Open a business bank account to separate personal and business finances.
Pay the $300 annual Delaware LLC tax when it comes due.

Massachusetts

Check business-name availability on the Massachusetts entity search.
Appoint a registered agent with a physical Massachusetts street address.
File Certificate of Organization (Form 156C §12) for $500.
Wait for approval. Online typically 2 business days. Paid expedite from $20.
Adopt an operating agreement (recommended, not required by Massachusetts statute).
Apply for a federal EIN (free from the IRS).
Open a business bank account to separate personal and business finances.
File your first annual report and pay $500 when it comes due.

Before you pick either state

A few things that apply no matter which state you choose. These trip up enough first-time filers that they're worth stating explicitly.

Registered agent is non-negotiable. Both Delaware and Massachusetts (and every other US state) require every LLC to designate a registered agent with a physical street address in the state of formation. You can serve as your own agent if you live in the state; otherwise a commercial agent runs $50 to $125 per year. Using your own home address makes it part of the public record.

Forming elsewhere does not escape your home state's tax. If you live and operate a business from your home state, forming the LLC in Delaware or Massachusetts does not avoid your home state's income tax. The moment you transact business at home, your home state requires a foreign LLC registration, and state tax liability follows your residence regardless of where the entity sits on paper.

EIN applications are free. The IRS issues Employer Identification Numbers directly at no cost. Any service charging you to "get your EIN" is reselling a free form submission. Single-member LLCs with no employees technically don't need one for federal tax, but nearly every bank requires an EIN to open a business account.

Operating agreement matters more than the state you pick. A well-drafted operating agreement governs member ownership, management, profit splits, buy-sell terms, and dissolution. Without one, your LLC runs on the state's default rules, which are rarely what you want. California, Maine, Missouri, and New York require a written one by statute; every other state treats it as strongly recommended.

Agency contacts

Delaware Division of Corporations

Website: corp.delaware.gov
Phone: (302) 739-3073
Mail: 401 Federal Street, Suite 4, Dover, DE 19901
Hours: 8:00 AM to 4:30 PM Eastern, Monday to Friday

Secretary of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Corporations Division

Website: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/corporations.htm
Phone: (617) 727-9640
Email: corpinfo@sec.state.ma.us
Mail: Secretary of the Commonwealth, Corporations Division, One Ashburton Place, Room 1717, Boston, MA 02108
Office: McCormack Building, One Ashburton Place, 17th Floor, Boston, MA 02108
Hours: 8:45 AM to 5:00 PM Eastern, Monday to Friday

Delaware Division of Revenue

Website: revenue.delaware.gov
Phone: (302) 577-8200
Mail: 820 N. French Street, Wilmington, DE 19801
Hours: 8:30 AM to 4:00 PM Eastern, Monday to Friday

Massachusetts Department of Revenue

Website: www.mass.gov/orgs/massachusetts-department-of-revenue
Phone: (617) 887-6367
Mail: Massachusetts Department of Revenue, P.O. Box 7010, Boston, MA 02204
Office: 100 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114
Hours: 9:00 AM to 4:00 PM Eastern, Monday to Friday

Frequently Asked Questions

Is it cheaper to form an LLC in Delaware or Massachusetts?

Delaware is cheaper at formation ($110) than Massachusetts ($500). Ongoing costs are also different: $400 vs $600 per year. Total over three years: $1,310 vs $2,300.
Can I form an LLC in Delaware if I live in Massachusetts?

Yes, but your Massachusetts business will almost certainly need to register as a foreign LLC in Massachusetts too, which means paying Massachusetts's foreign registration fee and any ongoing Massachusetts obligations on top of the Delaware ones. The "form elsewhere to save" math usually doesn't work for operating businesses; it only works when you have no physical operations tied to any specific state.
How long does it take to form an LLC in Delaware vs Massachusetts?

Delaware online: 10 business days; Massachusetts online: 2 business days. Delaware offers paid expedite from $100. Massachusetts offers paid expedite from $20.
Which state has lower taxes for an LLC, Delaware or Massachusetts?

Delaware: state income tax applies to member-level pass-through income, plus a $300 minimum entity-level tax. Massachusetts: state income tax applies to member-level pass-through income, no entity-level franchise or LLC tax.
Do both states require a registered agent?

Yes. Every US state (and DC) requires every LLC to maintain a registered agent with a physical street address in the state. Delaware and Massachusetts both have this requirement. You can serve as your own agent if you live in the state; most out-of-state filers use a commercial agent for $50 to $125 per year.
Which state should I pick if I run an online business from home?

Form in the state you actually live in. Your home state's Department of Revenue treats your residence as nexus regardless of where the LLC is filed, which means you owe state income tax there anyway. Forming in Delaware or Massachusetts to escape your home state's tax doesn't work; it adds paperwork. The non-resident filings make sense when you genuinely operate nowhere in particular: international founders, purely passive holding entities, or real-estate LLCs owning property in other states.

Full state guides

DelawareOpen Delaware LLC guide →
MassachusettsOpen Massachusetts LLC guide →

More Delaware and Massachusetts comparisons

More Delaware vs ...

More Massachusetts vs ...

Sources

Filing fee: corpfiles.delaware.gov/AugustFee2024.pdf · verified April 21, 2026
Delaware DoS Division of Corporations Fee Schedule, revised August 1, 2024. 'Formation – domestic' under Limited Liability Companies = $110.00 state filing fee.
Expedited filing: corpfiles.delaware.gov/AugustFee2024.pdf · verified April 21, 2026
Same Day $100, 24-Hour $50, Priority 2 (2-hour) $500, Priority 1 (1-hour) $1,000. We report 24-hour as the default expedited tier.
Annual report fee: delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc11/index.html · verified April 21, 2026
6 Del.C. §18-1107(b): annual tax of $300 for every domestic and foreign LLC. §18-1107(c): due June 1 each year. §18-1107(e): $200 late penalty plus 1.5% interest.
Franchise tax: delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc11/index.html · verified April 21, 2026
Flat $300 annual LLC tax under 6 Del.C. §18-1107. Not a share-based franchise tax like Delaware corporations; we classify it as a flat franchise-style tax for compare purposes.
Operating agreement requirement: delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc01/index.html · verified April 21, 2026
6 Del.C. §18-101(9) recognizes oral, written, or implied LLC agreements. No statutory requirement that the agreement be written or filed, so recorded as not-required.
Foreign LLC registration fee: delcode.delaware.gov/title6/c018/sc10/index.html · verified April 21, 2026
Foreign LLC registration filing fee. Cross-check against the practitioner-facing fee schedule before publishing.
Business name search: icis.corp.delaware.gov/eCorp/EntitySearch/NameSearch.aspx · verified April 21, 2026
Delaware eCorp entity search. Confirm name availability before filing.
Sales tax rate: revenue.delaware.gov/ · verified April 21, 2026
Delaware has no general state sales tax. Gross receipts tax may apply to some business activities.
Corporate income tax rate: revenue.delaware.gov/ · verified April 21, 2026
Delaware corporate income tax rate is 8.7%. Applies to C-corp income, not LLCs by default, but note here for completeness.
Filing fee: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/general-information/corpora… · verified April 21, 2026
Secretary of the Commonwealth Corporations Division filing fee schedule: domestic LLC Certificate of Organization = $500. Online and fax filings carry an automatic $20 expediting surcharge, yielding a $520 effective fee for electronic filings.
Expedited filing: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/general-information/corpora… · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts automatically adds a $20 expediting surcharge to electronic (online or fax) filings and processes them ahead of mail submissions. This is the cheapest expedited tier. Same-day service requires hand-delivery at the Boston office before the cutoff. Online filings typically clear in 1–2 business days.
Certificate of Formation form: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/filing-by-subject/limited-l… · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts publishes a fillable Certificate of Organization PDF (form reference 'Form 156C §12' a/k/a c156c512d) for paper filers, with a parallel online filing flow through the Corporations Division portal.
Online filing portal: corp.sec.state.ma.us/corpweb/loginsystem/externallogin.aspx · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts Corporations Division online filing portal (external login). Used for Certificate of Organization, annual report, and amendments.
Business name search: corp.sec.state.ma.us/corpweb/CorpSearch/CorpSearch.aspx · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts Corporations Division business entity search. Supports lookup by entity name, individual name, entity ID, or filing number.
Operating agreement requirement: malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleXXII/Chapter156C · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts General Laws Chapter 156C (Limited Liability Company Act). §2(9) defines operating agreement as 'any written or oral agreement of the members'; §9 requires LLCs to keep any written operating agreement at the principal office but does not require one to exist. Default Chapter 156C rules fill gaps.
Publication requirement: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/filing-by-subject/limited-l… · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts does not require newspaper publication for LLC formation. The Corporations Division LLC information page describes no such obligation, and M.G.L. c. 156C does not impose one.
Foreign LLC registration fee: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/general-information/corpora… · verified April 21, 2026
Corporations Division fee schedule: foreign LLC Application for Registration = $500 (plus $20 electronic filing surcharge if filed online/fax).
Annual report fee: www.sec.state.ma.us/divisions/corporations/general-information/corpora… · verified April 21, 2026
Corporations Division fee schedule: LLC annual report = $500 (paper), $520 online/fax including the $20 expediting surcharge. Due by the anniversary of the original Certificate of Organization under M.G.L. c. 156C §12.
Franchise tax: www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-dor-corporate-excise-tax-guide… · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts has no franchise tax on LLCs treated as pass-through entities. The Corporate Excise applies only when an LLC elects C-corp treatment; it is an 8.00% income component plus $2.60 per $1,000 of tangible property or net worth, with a $456 minimum excise. Not a franchise tax in the traditional sense; applies = false for the pass-through default.
Corporate income tax rate: www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-dor-corporate-excise-tax-guide… · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts Corporate Excise net income tax component = 8.00% under M.G.L. c. 63 §39. Reported as income-only to match Delaware's convention; the companion $2.60-per-$1,000 net-worth/property measure is documented in taxes.notes / franchiseTax.notes.
Sales tax rate: www.mass.gov/info-details/massachusetts-tax-rates · verified April 21, 2026
Massachusetts statewide sales and use tax rate is 6.25% under M.G.L. c. 64H §2. No local sales taxes are imposed; separate 6.25% use tax on out-of-state purchases and local-option meals (0.75%) and rooms (up to 6%) taxes apply to specific categories only.

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